Can we correct first metatarsal rotation and sesamoid position with the 3D Lapidus procedure?

ObjectiveWe examine the technique and radiographic outcomes obtained with triplanar first tarsometatarsal arthrodesis (3D Lapidus) for the surgical correction of hallux valgus (HV). This procedure, apart from correcting angular deformity 1st–2nd intermetatarsal angle, HV angle, etc., is specifically intended to act on first ray pronation and place the sesamoids in their normal position, to alleviate the metatarsalgia often occurring in HV before and after surgery, possibly caused by their abnormal position.This study aims to examine the radiographic outcomes of the 3D Lapidus procedure.Materials and methodsRetrospective study of 37 feet operated on from April 2019 to December 2019, with a minimum 1-year follow-up (mean 420 days), using the 3D Lapidus procedure. Radiographic outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe intermetatarsal angle decreased from a mean value of 16.42° to 5.62° (p < 0.0001). The HV angle decreased from a mean value of 32.12° to 8.05° (p < 0.0001). The preoperative first metatarsocuneiform angle, with a mean value of 21.86°, was null after arthrodesis (p < 0.0001). The tibial sesamoid position, according to the Hardy and Clapham classification, decreased from a mean value of 4.84 to 1.27 after surgery, within normality (p < 0.0001).DiscussionCorrection of the deformity in a single plane is generally insufficient. It is necessary to act on the three planes of space to correct the deformity, obtain good outcomes, and avoid recurrence.ConclusionsRadiographic outcomes of triplanar correction with the 3D Lapidus procedure are excellent, achieving statistically significant differences in all parameters studied.     

改进穿透性胎盘植入患者预后的综合管理措施

        胎盘植入性疾病（placenta accrete spectrum disorders，PAS）包括胎盘粘连（placenta accreta，PA）、胎盘植入（placenta increta，PI）和穿透性胎盘植入（placenta percreta，PP）［1］。PA是指胎盘绒毛突破蜕膜基底层，与子宫肌层粘连；PI是指胎盘绒毛侵入子宫肌层；PP是指胎盘绒毛侵及子宫全层，并达到浆膜层，严重者侵及宫旁、宫颈及膀胱等子宫毗邻器官。PP系最严重的PAS类型，随着孕周进展PP发生自发性破裂导致严重出血及子宫切除的风险最高。 浏览更多请关注本刊微信公众号及当期杂志。     

岗位价值评估在A医院人力资源管理过程的应用

探讨岗位价值评估方法在医院人力资源的管理过程中的应用和意义。采用国际岗位价值评估系统(IPE)对A医院现有140个岗位进行岗位价值评估,并利用岗位评分对人力资源管理问题进行剖析。A医院岗位评估分数的总趋势和总分布结果显示,岗位评估分值曲线现呈较平滑的递减趋势,这表明A医院职能处室内部各类岗位的岗位价值不存在明显差异。从各个职能处室内部来看,内部岗位评价结果分布比较均匀,说明部门内部分工相对合理。岗位价值评价有助于增强医院薪酬分配的公平性,提高薪酬的激励性,也有利于优化医院管理制度,推动医院可持续发展。     

改良俯卧位对俯卧位通气临床疗效及并发症的影响

目的观察改良俯卧位对俯卧位通气(PPV)临床疗效及并发症的影响。方法将该院呼吸和危重症医学科行PPV的52例患者随机分为对照组和实验组各26例,对照组应用常规方法进行PPV,实验组采用改良俯卧位进行PPV。比较两组患者PPV的临床效果和并发症发生情况。结果两组间俯卧位前和俯卧位后12 h的氧合指数无明显差异(P>0.05);两组患者俯卧位后12 h的氧合指数均较各组俯卧位前明显改善(P<0.05);两组患者气管插管脱出、血流动力学显著波动、误吸和面部水肿的发生率无显著差异(P>0.05);实验组皮肤压疮的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论改良俯卧位对PPV的临床疗效无显著影响,但可以降低皮肤压疮的发生率。     

Effects of mild intrauterine hypoperfusion in the second trimester on memory and learning function in rat offspring

Mild intrauterine hypoperfusion(MIUH) is a serious pathological event that affects the growth and development of fetuses and offspring. MIUH can lead to growth restriction, low birth weight, neurodevelopmental disorders, and other adverse clinical outcomes. To study the effects of MIUH on learning and memory function in offspring, a model of MIUH was established by placing a coil(length 2.5 mm, diameter 0.24 mm) on the uterine artery and ovarian uterine artery of Sprague-Dawley rats in the second trimester of pregnancy(day 17). Next, 120 mg/kg lithium chloride(the MIUH + Li group) or normal saline(the MIUH group) was injected intraperitoneally into these rats. In addition, 120 mg/kg lithium chloride(the Li group) or normal saline(the SHAM group) was injected intraperitoneally into pregnant rats without coil placement. The Morris water maze was used to detect changes in learning and memory ability in the offspring at 4 weeks after birth. In the MIUH group, the escape latency and journey length before reaching the platform were both increased, and the number of times that the platform was crossed and the activity time in the target quadrant within 90 seconds were both decreased compared with the SHAM group. Immunofluorescence double staining and western blot assays demonstrated that hippocampal nestin and Ki67(both cell-proliferation-related proteins) expression was significantly downregulated in the MIUH group compared with the SHAM group. Furthermore, western blot assays were conducted to investigate changes in related signaling pathway proteins in the brains of offspring rats, and revealed that glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β) expression was upregulated and β-catenin expression was downregulated in the MIUH group compared with the SHAM group. In addition, compared with the MIUH group, the expression levels of p-GSK3β and β-catenin were upregulated in the MIUH + Li group. These results suggest that MIUH may affect learning and memory function in rat offspring by regulating the GSK3β signaling pathway. The experimental procedures were approved by Animal Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University(approval No. 2018 PS07 K) in June 2018.     

不同规格怀牛膝不同极性部位HPLC指纹图谱

目的研究并比较不同规格怀牛膝不同极性部位的HPLC指纹图谱,探索其内部质量差异,为该药材的规格标准完善及临床用药提供参考。方法将怀牛膝用体积分数75%乙醇水浴回流提取,得体积分数75%乙醇回流提取物,用40 mL水溶解后,依次用石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,得到各萃取相及萃取后的水相,浓缩至浸膏,采集各部位HPLC指纹图谱;运用相似度、综合聚类法进行数据分析,同时对其不同部位的指纹图谱进行比对分析。结果石油醚、氯仿部位均标定了11个共有峰,乙酸乙酯部位标定了10个共有峰,正丁醇部位标定了19个共有峰,水部位标定8个共有峰;氯仿部位指纹图谱相似度差异较大,其他部位指纹图谱相似度差异较小,均在0.9以上;石油醚部位指纹图谱差异主要体现在峰高,乙酸乙酯部位、氯仿部位、水部位的化学成分种类及峰高均存在差异;综合聚类分析能将不同规格怀牛膝区分开。结论不同规格怀牛膝内部质量存在差异;实验中所建立的HPLC指纹图谱可以全面反映不同规格怀牛膝的化学成分分布,为不同规格怀牛膝的整体质量评价提供参考。     

术前CT模拟指导俯卧位经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术的可行性分析

目的分析术前CT模拟指导俯卧位经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术的可行性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月-2019年1月河南省开封市中心医院收治的67例骨盆骨折损伤俯卧位行经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术患者的临床资料。男性38例,女性29例;年龄30~62岁,平均37.5岁;BMI 17.8~27.2kg/m^2,平均22.5kg/m^2。俯卧位行术前CT模拟指导经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术38例(CT模拟组),俯卧位行经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术29例(常规组)。比较两组患者置入螺钉数量、位置、长度与术前规划符合率,手术时间、术中透视时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间;比较两组患者术后6个月Majeed功能评分和并发症发生情况。结果CT模拟组患者置入螺钉数量和常规组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CT模拟组位置、长度与术前规划符合率均为100%,均分别高于常规组的83%和87%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=7.179,P=0.007;χ^2=5.657,P=0.017);CT模拟组手术时间、术中透视时间以及骨折愈合时间较常规组缩短,术中出血量降低[(77.9±12.6)min vs.(90.4±13.3)min、(6.5±0.8)s vs.(7.2±0.9)s、(3.2±0.5)个月vs.(3.5±0.6)个月、(86.8±17.1)m L vs.(97.8±18.3)m L],差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);术后6个月CT模拟组Majeed功能评分中疼痛、工作、坐、站立、性生活及总评分均高于常规组[(25.6±3.6)分vs.(23.6±3.3)分、(17.5±2.3)分vs.(16.3±2.2)分、(8.8±1.3)分vs.(8.1±1.2)分、(31.8±4.9)分vs.(29.4±4.5)分、(3.0±0.5)分vs.(2.8±0.5)分、(86.7±10.2)分vs.(80.2±9.8)分],差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);CT模拟组并发症发生率为0,低于常规组17%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.025)。结论术前CT模拟用于指导俯卧位经皮微创骶髂螺钉内固定术可提高置入螺钉位置、长度的精准率,还具有手术时间短、术中出血量和射线辐射少、骨折愈合快、螺钉植入准确率高、并发症发生率低等优点,是一种精确、安全、有效的影像学辅助手段。     

MRI螺旋桨技术在肩袖损伤中的应用

目的观察在高场磁共振螺旋桨(PROPELLER)技术下联合标准"Y"位在临床上对于肩袖损伤的应用效果。方法2018年12月-2019年5月,选择40例具有肩袖损伤相关症状的患者,均采用两种方法进行MRI检查,方法一,采用常规扫描序列:即FSE T2WI,斜冠状面FSE T2WI和斜矢状面FSE T2WI;方法二采用PROPELLER(螺旋桨)技术序列联合标准"Y"位扫描。评价两组患者的肩袖损伤分级程度和肩胛损伤脂肪浸润程度评分比较情况。结果两种方法在肩袖损伤Ⅱ级(χ^2=4.943,P=0.026)、Ⅲ级(χ^2=7.168,P=0.007)比较中,具有显著性差异。两种方法在脂肪浸润程度评分Ⅱ级(t=-4.673,P=0.041)、Ⅲ级(t=-4.442,P=0.046)比较中,也具有显著性差异(P<0.05)结论PROPELLER技术联合标准"Y"位在降低伪影,充分展示肩袖结构等方面更占有优势。     

侧卧位直接前方入路全髋关节置换的可行性和效果

目的探讨侧卧位直接前方入路(DAA)全髋关节置换术的可行性和临床效果。方法对307例患者(332髋)行侧卧位DAA全髋关节置换术,评估临床功能,观察影像学结果和并发症。结果单侧髋关节置换手术时间41~73(52.0±5.6)min,术中失血量60~210(94.0±37.4)ml。患者均随访1年。髋关节Harris评分术后1、3、12个月均较术前明显改善(F=237.2,P<0.001)。术后第2天,髋臼假体前倾角为7°~22°(14.4°±6.0°),外展角为26°~57°(43.8°±4.4°)。双下肢长度的差异由术前0~2.5 cm纠正为术后0~1.5 cm(Z=-14.71,P<0.001)。18髋发生股外侧皮神经损伤,3髋发生术中股骨近端骨折,2髋术后早期出现髋关节脱位,1髋髋臼杯未完全打入臼窝,该24例经对症治疗后均愈合、复位良好。术后1年未发生假体周围骨折,无菌性假体松动。结论侧卧位DAA全髋关节置换术安全可行,临床效果良好。     

新产程模式下剖宫产和产钳术对持续性枕后位难产孕妇分娩结局的评估

目的：探索新产程模式下剖宫产和产钳术对持续性枕后位难产孕妇分娩结局的评估。方法:收集2017年至2020年间于浙江省湖州市妇幼保健院收住入院的103例持续性枕后位难产孕妇, 其中以产钳分娩的60例孕妇为研究组，53例以剖宫产术分娩的孕妇为对照组，评估其分娩结局，分析两种分娩方式对孕产妇的影响。采用χ2 检验比较剖宫产及产钳分娩两组的新生儿窒息、产后出血、产时、产后感染、软产道裂伤（包括会阴III度裂伤、阴道裂伤、宫颈裂伤）、切口预后不良的差异。结果：研究组产后出血、产时发热、产后发热发生率[分别为1.66%（1/60）、1.66%（1/60）、3.33%(2/60），χ2 值分别为（4.514 和5.698、4.826，P值分别为 0.040 和 0.020、0.030）]，明显低于对照组[分别为11.32%（6/53）、13.20%（7/53）、15.09%(8/53）]，但是研究组会阴III度裂伤、宫颈裂伤、阴道裂伤、发生率为分别为[15.00%（9/60）、13.33%（8/60））、（11.66%（7/60）），明显高于对照组（1.88%（1/53）、1.88%（1/53）、3.77%（2/53））]，差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。但研究组的新生儿窒息发生率及切口预后不良的比例分别为[5（8.33%）、4（6.66%）]，略低于对照组[（6（11.32%）、4（7.54%）]，差异无统计学意义（χ2值分别为0.286、0.233，P 值均＞0.05）。结论：新产程标准下持续性枕后位难产孕妇选择产钳分娩可明显降低产时、产后感染及产后出血的发生率，但软产道裂伤发生率较高，差异有统计学意义。所以持续性枕后位难产孕妇选择产钳分娩是相对比较安全的分娩方式，但同时需要注意软产道裂伤的发生。